What is diabetes? Para espanol haga click aqui !
When your body doesn't make enough insulin or when your body prevents the insulin you do produce from working properly, you have diabetes.
When you have diabetes, you need to do the work your body used to do automatically to keep the insulin/glucose balance.
Keeping your blood glucose levels as close to the normal range as possible may help you reduce your risk of diabetes-related complications. Diabetes experts recommend that people with diabetes keep their blood glucose levels less than 110 mg/dL before a meal and less than 140 mg/dL 2 hours after a meal.
Your personal goals may need to be adjusted to match your situation. You and your Diabetes care team will determine your blood glucose goals.
There are different kinds of diabetes, but the most common are type 1 and type 2
Type 1 diabetes
In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas (the organ that makes insulin) does not work right. The cells that produce insulin are damaged or destroyed, so the body makes little or no insulin. No one is sure why this happens, but scientists all over the world are working to discover the cause of this type of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes usually occurs in children or young adults.
Type 2 diabetes
In type 2 diabetes, the body makes some insulin but not enough. Or, the body prevents the insulin produced from working properly. Type 2 diabetes is more common in overweight and older adults, but it is also becoming more common in young people and adolescents - even children. Some groups, such as African Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, and Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders are at higher risk for developing type 2 diabetes than others.
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease
At first, some people with diabetes can manage their diabetes with meal planning and physical activity, but most will need to take medication. Diabetes pills can help some people manage their diabetes for a while. However, over time, pills may not remain effective. Eventually, most people with type 2 diabetes will need to take insulin to maintain good blood glucose control. Your healthcare provider will help you develop a diabetes-care plan that is right for you. Diabetes pills can help some people manage their diabetes for a while. However, over time, pills may not remain effective. Eventually, most people with type 2 diabetes will need to take insulin to maintain good blood glucose control.
Diabetes kinds
Gestational diabetes
Occurs when a pregnant woman develops blood glucose levels that are higher than normal. Complications of gestational diabetes are usually preventable with good blood glucose management as soon as possible after diagnosis. In most cases of gestational diabetes, blood glucose levels return to normal after the baby is born. However, about half of women who have gestational diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes later in life. Weight management and regular physical activity can reduce the risk of the onset of type 2 diabetes.
Diabetes can be caused by other illnesses and certain kinds of medication can affect blood glucose. Be sure to tell your healthcare provider about all the medications you take, as well as any vitamins, minerals, and herbs. Your Diabetes care team can tell you if anything you are taking can cause problems for people with diabetes.
Pre-diabetes
Pre-diabetes is a term that's used when a person's blood glucose levels are above normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes. It's estimated that about 41 million people in the United States between the ages of 40 and 74 years of age have pre-diabetes. Like diabetes, pre-diabetes can lead to damage to the heart and circulatory system. The good news is that, with lifestyle changes, people with pre-diabetes may reduce their risk of ultimately developing type 2 diabetes. Experts recommend that people with pre-diabetes reduce their weight by 5% to 10% and participate in some type of modest physical activity for at least 30 minutes daily. A normal fasting blood glucose level is below 100 mg/dL. Pre-diabetes is when the fasting blood glucose level is between 100 and 125 mg/dL. Diabetes is diagnosed when fasting blood glucose level is 126 mg/dL or higher or the results of a glucose tolerance test are between 140 mg/dL and 199 mg/dL.
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